Since COVID, more young people are dying of heart attacks. Here's what we know
When Demi Washington, a basketball player at Vanderbilt University came down with COVID-19 in late 2020, her symptoms were mild, just a runny nose. But to ensure her safe return to the court, the school required her to undergo an MRI.
The results brought Washington to tears.
Following the infection, the now college senior had developed myocarditis — when the heart muscle becomes inflamed, which can decrease the heart's ability to pump blood. The condition can lead to stroke or heart attack, according to Mayo Clinic. Washington was not vaccinated against COVID-19 at the time.
"I was scared because any internal organ, you’re like, 'Oh, my gosh, I need that to live,'" she recalled to TODAY. "I didn’t really know what was going to come of it, how long was it going to take for it to resolve."
Washington had to skip the rest of the 2020 to 2021 season, but ultimately she was grateful. "I think about the fact that Vanderbilt does do the MRI and a lot of other schools didn’t," she told TODAY in a segment aired Feb. 9. "The fact that I could have played if we didn’t is hard and scary to think about."
Washington's doctor never told her that she was at risk of dying, but he did stress the importance of rest and keeping her heart rate under a certain pace. She had to wear a watch to track her activity. Even though COVID was especially new at the time, Washington said her doctor felt confident her condition was due to the coronavirus, as he'd seen something similar other college athletes.
Washington said she felt no symptoms or signs that her heart had become inflamed, nor did she have a genetic predisposition. "It (just) happened to be me," she said. "I still don't really know why."
Washington has since recovered and is back to playing ball. But her experience sheds light on the thousands of young adults infected with COVID-19 whose health hasn't rebounded as successfully.
COVID-19, heart attacks and young people
Since the COVID-19 pandemic began, heart attack deaths across all age groups have become more common in the U.S., according to a September 2022 study by Cedars Sinai hospital in Los Angeles.
The age group hit the hardest? People between 25 and 44, who saw a 29.9% relative increase in heart attack deaths over the first two years of the pandemic (which means the actual number of heart attack deaths were almost 30% higher than the predicted number).
“Young people are obviously not really supposed to die of heart attack. They’re not really supposed to have heart attacks at all,” Dr. Susan Cheng, a cardiologist at Cedars Sinai and co-author of the study, told TODAY in a segment aired Feb. 9.
Adults between 45 and 64 saw a 19.6% relative increase in heart attack deaths, and those 65 and older saw a 13.7% relative increase, according to a press release from Cedars Sinai. The increase in U.S. heart attack deaths continued through the omicron surge, even though the variant is thought to cause milder illness, and spikes of heart attack deaths have aligned with the timing of COVID-19 surges in the U.S.
Los Angeles County paramedic Romeo Robles told TODAY in the Feb. 9 segment that upticks in COVID-19 would often lead to more 911 calls related to heart issues in his community.
"Surprisingly, people my age ... we would find them in cardiac arrest, and it was all predicted by these waves," he said.
Cheng called the connection "more than coincidental, that is for sure." Explaining why, she pointed out that COVID-19 can greatly impact the cardiovascular system.
"It appears to be able to increase the stickiness of the blood and increase ... the likelihood of blood clot formation," Cheng said. "It seems to stir up inflammation in the blood vessels. It seems to also cause in some people an overwhelming stress — whether it’s related directly to the infection or situations around the infection — that can also cause a spike in blood pressure."
The reason for the relative rise in young people in particular is unclear, but one theory, Cheng said, is that the virus's impact on the cardiovascular system in some people may be due to an excessive immune system response and that young people are more likely to have stronger immune systems.
COVID-19 and heart disease
For COVID-19 survivors, the risk of developing a heart condition even a year after the infection, regardless of how severe the initial symptoms were, is "substantial," according to a February 2022 study of more than 150,000 individuals with COVID-19. The risk increases even for people who don't have any other risk factors for heart disease.
Dr. Ziyad Al-Aly, a physician-scientist at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and co-author of the study, estimated that about 4% of people who have COVID-19 will develop a heart problem, such as irregular heartbeat, heart failure, inflammation or heart attacks.
"It’s a small number, but really, it’s not (if) you multiply that number by the huge number of people in the United States and throughout the world who had COVID-19," he told TODAY.
What's more, the risk of developing long COVID, including heart problems, increases with each COVID-19 infection an individual has, Al-Aly pointed out. As a result, Latino and Black communities, which have higher rates of reinfection, are especially high risk for heart problems post-COVID, Cheng said.
As doctors and other researchers continue to wade through the data on COVID-19 and heart disease, the best course of action is to avoid infection as best you can, Cheng and Al-Aly said. To do so:
Wear a mask in crowded settings, and consider socializing outdoors with people outside your household.
Stay up to date on your vaccinations. Research shows that you're 11 times more likely to develop myocarditis from COVID itself versus the vaccine, NBC News senior medical correspondent Dr. John Torres said during a TODAY segment on Feb. 9.
Take a COVID-19 test as soon as you start to develop any symptoms and stay home when you're sick.
If you've been infected with COVID-19, especially multiple times, Cheng also encouraged staying on top of your risk factors for heart disease, such as your blood pressure, cholesterol and blood sugar. Typical signs of heart attack, per the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, include:
Chest pain or discomfort, such as pressure, squeezing or fullness.
Weakness, light-headedness or fainting.
A cold sweat.
Pain or discomfort in the jaw, neck or back.
Shortness of breath, either at the same time as or before chest discomfort.
Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, heart attack deaths were trending downward in the United States, but the pandemic appears to have reversed the progress, according to the Cedars Sinai research.
"I'd love to say we're ... coming out on the other side and we can think of COVID more so like the common cold. Unfortunately, that is not the case. ... That is eminently clear from all of the data," Cheng said. "This is not even just like the flu. ... This virus is still very different from any other virus we have seen in our lifetime."
This article was originally published on TODAY.com
https://news.yahoo.com/since-covid-more-young-people-214708021.html
donshafi911
Jumaat, 10 Februari 2023
Sejak COVID, lebih ramai orang muda mati akibat serangan jantung. Berikut adalah apa yang kita tahu
Sejak COVID, lebih ramai orang muda mati akibat serangan jantung. Berikut adalah apa yang kita tahu
Jumaat, 10 Februari 2023 pada 5: 47 pagi GMT + 8
Ketika Demi Washington, pemain bola keranjang di Universiti Vanderbilt turun dengan COVID-19 pada akhir 2020, gejalanya ringan, hanya hidung berair. Tetapi untuk memastikan dia selamat kembali ke mahkamah, sekolah mengharuskannya menjalani MRI.
Hasilnya membuatkan Washington menangis.
Berikutan jangkitan itu, senior kolej sekarang mengalami miokarditis — ketika otot jantung meradang, yang dapat menurunkan kemampuan jantung untuk mengepam darah. Keadaan ini boleh menyebabkan strok atau serangan jantung, menurut Mayo Clinic. Washington tidak diberi vaksin terhadap COVID-19 pada masa itu.
"Saya takut kerana mana-mana organ dalaman, anda seperti, 'Oh, ya ampun, saya memerlukannya untuk hidup,'" dia teringat hari ini. "Saya tidak benar-benar tahu apa yang akan terjadi, berapa lama masa yang diperlukan untuk menyelesaikannya."
Demi Washington telah pulih dari miokarditis dan telah kembali bermain bola keranjang. Ramai orang muda lain yang mengalami masalah jantung selepas jangkitan COVID-19 tidak begitu bernasib baik. (Dengan Hormat Demi Washington)
Demi Washington telah pulih dari miokarditis dan telah kembali bermain bola keranjang. Ramai orang muda lain yang mengalami masalah jantung selepas jangkitan COVID-19 tidak begitu bernasib baik. (Dengan Hormat Demi Washington)
Washington terpaksa melangkau baki musim 2020 hingga 2021, tetapi akhirnya dia bersyukur. "Saya fikir hakikat bahawa Vanderbilt melakukan MRI dan banyak sekolah lain tidak," katanya hari ini dalam segmen yang disiarkan Feb. 9. "Hakikat bahawa saya boleh bermain jika kita tidak sukar dan menakutkan untuk difikirkan."
Doktor Washington tidak pernah memberitahunya bahawa dia berisiko mati, tetapi dia menekankan pentingnya berehat dan menjaga degupan jantungnya dalam keadaan tertentu. Dia terpaksa memakai jam tangan untuk mengesan aktivitinya. Walaupun COVID sangat baru pada masa itu, Washington berkata doktornya berasa yakin keadaannya disebabkan oleh coronavirus, kerana dia telah melihat sesuatu yang serupa dengan atlet kolej lain.
Washington mengatakan bahawa dia tidak merasakan gejala atau tanda bahawa jantungnya telah meradang, dan dia juga tidak mempunyai kecenderungan genetik. "Ia (hanya) berlaku kepada saya," katanya. "Saya masih tidak tahu mengapa."
Washington telah pulih dan kembali bermain bola. Tetapi pengalamannya menjelaskan ribuan orang dewasa muda yang dijangkiti COVID-19 yang kesihatannya tidak pulih dengan jayanya.
COVID-19, serangan jantung dan orang muda
Sejak pandemik COVID-19 bermula, kematian akibat serangan jantung merentas semua kumpulan umur telah menjadi lebih biasa di A. S., menurut kajian September 2022 oleh Hospital Cedars Sinai di Los Angeles.
Kumpulan umur paling teruk? Orang berusia antara 25 dan 44 tahun, yang menyaksikan peningkatan relatif 29.9% dalam kematian akibat serangan jantung selama dua tahun pertama wabak ini (yang bermaksud jumlah sebenar kematian akibat serangan jantung hampir 30% lebih tinggi daripada jumlah yang diramalkan).
"Orang muda jelas tidak sepatutnya mati akibat serangan jantung. Mereka tidak sepatutnya mempunyai serangan jantung sama sekali, " Dr. Susan Cheng, ahli kardiologi di Cedars Sinai dan pengarang bersama kajian itu, memberitahu TODAY dalam segmen yang disiarkan Feb. 9.
Orang dewasa antara 45 dan 64 menyaksikan peningkatan relatif 19.6% dalam kematian akibat serangan jantung, dan mereka yang berumur 65 tahun ke atas menyaksikan peningkatan relatif 13.7%, menurut siaran akhbar dari Cedars Sinai. Peningkatan kematian akibat serangan jantung A. S. berterusan melalui lonjakan omicron, walaupun varian itu dianggap menyebabkan penyakit yang lebih ringan, dan lonjakan kematian akibat serangan jantung telah sejajar dengan masa lonjakan COVID-19 di A. S.
Los Angeles County paramedik Romeo Robles memberitahu hari ini pada Februari. 9 segmen yang meningkat dalam COVID-19 selalunya akan membawa kepada lebih banyak panggilan 911 yang berkaitan dengan isu jantung dalam komunitinya.
"Yang menghairankan, orang umur saya ... kami akan menemui mereka dalam serangan jantung, dan semuanya diramalkan oleh gelombang ini," katanya.
Cheng memanggil sambungan "lebih daripada kebetulan, itu pasti."Menjelaskan mengapa, dia menunjukkan bahawa COVID-19 dapat mempengaruhi sistem kardiovaskular.
"Nampaknya dapat meningkatkan kelenturan darah dan peningkatan ... kemungkinan pembentukan bekuan darah, " kata Cheng. "Nampaknya menimbulkan keradangan pada saluran darah. Ia seolah — olah juga menyebabkan dalam sesetengah orang tekanan yang amat menggalakkan — sama ada ia berkaitan secara langsung dengan jangkitan atau situasi di sekitar jangkitan-yang juga boleh menyebabkan kenaikan tekanan darah."
Sebab kenaikan relatif pada orang muda khususnya tidak jelas, tetapi satu teori, kata Cheng, adalah bahawa kesan virus pada sistem kardiovaskular pada beberapa orang mungkin disebabkan oleh tindak balas sistem imun yang berlebihan dan bahawa orang muda lebih cenderung mempunyai sistem imun yang lebih kuat.
COVID-19 dan penyakit jantung
Bagi mangsa COVID-19 yang terselamat, risiko mengalami keadaan jantung walaupun setahun selepas jangkitan, tidak kira betapa teruknya gejala awal, adalah "besar," menurut kajian Februari 2022 terhadap lebih 150,000 individu dengan COVID-19. Risiko meningkat walaupun bagi orang yang tidak mempunyai faktor risiko lain untuk penyakit jantung.
Dr. Ziyad Al-Aly, seorang doktor-saintis di Washington University School of Medicine di St. Louis dan pengarang bersama kajian itu, menganggarkan bahawa sekitar 4% orang yang menghidap COVID-19 akan mengalami masalah jantung, seperti degupan jantung yang tidak teratur, kegagalan jantung, keradangan atau serangan jantung.
"Ini sebilangan kecil, tetapi sebenarnya, bukan (jika) anda mengalikan jumlah itu dengan sebilangan besar orang di Amerika Syarikat dan di seluruh dunia yang menghidap COVID-19," katanya hari ini.
Lebih-lebih lagi, risiko terkena COVID panjang, termasuk masalah jantung, meningkat dengan setiap jangkitan COVID-19 yang dialami seseorang, kata Al-Aly. Akibatnya, masyarakat Latino dan kulit hitam, yang mempunyai kadar jangkitan semula yang lebih tinggi, berisiko tinggi untuk masalah jantung selepas COVID, kata Cheng.
Oleh kerana doktor dan penyelidik lain terus membaca data mengenai COVID-19 dan penyakit jantung, tindakan terbaik adalah mengelakkan jangkitan dengan sebaik mungkin, kata Cheng dan Al-Aly. Untuk berbuat demikian:
Pakai topeng dalam keadaan sesak, dan pertimbangkan untuk bersosial di luar rumah dengan orang di luar rumah anda.
Tinggal sehingga tarikh vaksinasi anda. Penyelidikan menunjukkan bahawa anda 11 kali lebih berkemungkinan menghidap miokarditis daripada COVID itu sendiri berbanding vaksin, kata wartawan perubatan kanan NBC News Dr. John Torres semasa segmen TODAY pada Feb. 9.
Ambil ujian COVID-19 sebaik sahaja anda mula mengalami sebarang gejala dan tinggal di rumah apabila anda sakit.
Sekiranya anda dijangkiti COVID-19, terutama berkali-kali, Cheng juga mendorong untuk terus mengetahui faktor risiko penyakit jantung anda, seperti tekanan darah, kolesterol dan gula darah anda. Tanda-tanda biasa serangan jantung, menurut Pusat Kawalan dan Pencegahan Penyakit A. S., termasuk:
Kesakitan dada atau ketidakselesaan, seperti tekanan, memerah atau kenyang.
Kelemahan, pening kepala atau pengsan.
Peluh sejuk.
Sakit atau ketidakselesaan di rahang, leher atau belakang.
Sesak nafas, sama ada pada masa yang sama dengan atau sebelum ketidakselesaan dada.
Sebelum pandemik COVID-19, kematian akibat serangan jantung semakin menurun di Amerika Syarikat, tetapi wabak itu nampaknya telah membalikkan kemajuan, menurut penyelidikan Cedars Sinai.
"Saya ingin mengatakan bahawa kita ... keluar dari seberang dan kita boleh memikirkan COVID lebih-lebih lagi seperti selesema biasa. Malangnya, itu tidak berlaku. ... Itu jelas sekali daripada semua data, " kata Cheng. "Ini bukan seperti selesema. ... Virus ini masih sangat berbeza dengan virus lain yang pernah kita lihat sepanjang hayat kita."
Artikel ini pada asalnya diterbitkan pada TODAY.com
https://news.yahoo.com/since-covid-more-young-people-214708021.html
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