âOperation Al-Aqsa Floodâ Day 20: Human rights group warns Israel is âusing starvation as a weapon of warâ in Gaza

Casualties
- 7,028 Palestinians killed in Gaza, including 2,913 children
- 103 Palestinians killed in the occupied West Bank
Key Developments
- Gaza has âvirtually run outâ of clean water, according to British charity organization Oxfam.
- Palestineâs top graduate of 2023, Shaimaa Akram Saydam, is among those killed in Gaza along with her pregnant mother, reports Al Jazeera.
- Al-Wafa hospital in central Gaza is no longer functioning as a medical facility âdue to the Israeli ongoing bombardment in this area,â reports Al Jazeera journalist Tareq Abu Azzoum.
- Days after Blinken demands the channelâs coverage be âtoned downâ, Israel kills Al-Jazeera correspondent Wael El-Dahdouhâsfamily. He is described as âthe backbone of Al Jazeeraâs coverage in Gazaâ by his colleagues.
- U.S. President Joe Biden casts doubt on the death toll in Gaza provided by the Palestinian Ministry of Health despite having no evidence or alternative numbers.
- 38 UNRWA employees have been killed in Gaza since October 7, half employed as teachers.
Key Statistics from the Palestinian Ministry of Health
- Around 45 percent of housing units have been completely and partially destroyed.
- Around 219 educational facilities have been hit by Israeli bombardment, including at least 29 UNRWA schools.
- Approximately 1.4 million people in Gaza are internally displaced.
- 24 hospitals have received evacuation notices from Israel in northern Gaza.
- Hospitals are operating at more than 150 percent of their capacity.
- At least 130 neonatal babies dependent on incubators are at risk of death due to lack of electricity.
- There are approximately 166 unsafe births taking place per day in Gaza.
- 101 health personnel have been killed by Israeli strikes, over 100 others wounded.
Gazaâs population of over 2 million, which continues to be carpet bombed, is still being denied fuel, clean water, and adequate food supply by Israelâs ongoing siege on the enclave.
The situation is âhorrificâ as millions are being âcollectively punished in full view of the world,â says Oxfam, a British charity focused on alleviating global poverty.
âItâs estimated that only three liters of clean water are now available per person. The UN said a minimum of 15 liters a day is essential for people in the most acute humanitarian emergencies as a bare minimum,â they stated.
The statement also said that according to a UNRWA spokesperson, without clean water and fuel, some of the food allowed in on humanitarian convoys, including rice and lentils, is useless because people donât have the clean water or fuel to prepare them.
âThere can be no justification for using starvation as a weapon of war.â
Sally Abi Khalil, Oxfamâs Regional Middle East Directornone
âThere can be no justification for using starvation as a weapon of war. World leaders cannot continue to sit back and watch; they have an obligation to act,â they said in a statement, noting that starvation as a âmethod of warfareâ is strictly prohibited under international humanitarian law.
In the south of Gaza, a UNRWA school in Rafah, sheltering 4,600 people âsustained severe collateral damage from a proximity strike,â says the human rights group, while highlighting that if fuel is not allowed to enter Gaza, they will be âforced to significantly reduce and in some cases bring humanitarian operations to a halt.â
âThe occupationâs bombing erased entire families from the civil registry; erased neighborhoods and residential communities with their inhabitants; and also destroyed facilities including hospitals, places of worship, bakeries, water filling stations, markets, schools, and educational and service institutions,â said the Minister of Public Works and Housing Mohammad Ziyara.
Meanwhile, Israeli forces continued their mass arrest campaign in occupied East Jerusalem and across the occupied West Bank, including in the cities of Hebron, Nablus, and Shuafat neighborhood, where dozens of heavily armed Israeli soldiers were seen.
Al Jazeera reported that at least 85 Palestinians were arrested overnight by Israeli forces.
The Palestinian Prisoners Society reported that Israeli forces killed at least 103 Palestinians in the occupied West Bank during army raids, including two who died in Israeli custody.
âThe state of the freedom of journalism in this war is catastrophicâ
The Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) reports that this is the deadliest period for people covering Palestine and Israel since they began counting two decades ago.
âThis is the deadliest time we have on record,â said Sherif Mansour, CPJâs Middle East and North Africa program director.
âJournalists are paying [sacrifices] in covering war but for Gaza specifically, itâs an exponential risk doing it without having access to the outside world, access to resources, and no safe place to go,â he told Al Jazeera in light of Israeli bombardment targeting and killing the family of the media organizationâs Arabic-language Gaza correspondent, Wael Dahdouh, on Thursday evening.
Turkeyâs communications director, Fahrettin Altun, said on X that it is âdifficult to believe that this was random, as Israel has been trying to stop the truth coming out from Gaza. These kinds of attacks amount to employing terror tactics against journalists to silence them.â
âWe advise the Israeli government to come to its senses about the crimes they have been committing on a daily basis. It needs to come to terms with the fact that the source of the conflict is the ongoing occupation,â Altun continued.
Similarly, the former head of the International Federation of Journalists (IFJ) and founder of the Ethical Journalism Network, Aidan White, has described Israelâs targeting of journalists and their families in Gaza as âshockingâ while talking to Al Jazeera.
âThe state of the freedom of journalism in this war is catastrophic. The death of the family of our colleague shows that no place is safe and thereâs no shelter for the innocent, and that journalists are a target,â said White.
As of Thursday, CPJ reports that 24 journalists, 20 Palestinian, 3 Israeli, and 1 Lebanese, have been killed since October 7. In addition, eight journalists have been injured, and three are either missing or detained.
Israelâs looming ground invasion
On Wednesday, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said in a televised statement that they are preparing for a ground invasion of Gaza. However, it is unclear when the operation will take place, as the Prime Minister declined to provide additional information.
The army reported conducting a relatively large overnight raid on Wednesday using tanks and infantry in the northern area of the Gaza Strip, orchestrated by the Givati Brigade, one of Israelâs five infantry units.
They killed âmanyâ fighters and destroyed military infrastructure and antitank positions in preparation for the ânext stages of combat.â The army did not mention any Israeli casualties and added that their forces exited Gaza at the end of the raid.
While there have been multiple previous small-scale army raids into Gaza, according to Al Jazeera journalist Alan Fisher, this particular invasion is unusual for the involvement of tanks, which the army has not previously used in this context.
Fisher says, âThis is clearly in preparation for what the next stage of the war will be.â
Meanwhile, the U.S. is still pressuring Israel to postpone its ground assault until they can ensure the security of the captives inside Gaza and wait for more U.S. military defenses to arrive.
On Wednesday, the Wall Street Journal reported that Israel agreed to delay their ground invasion of Gaza to allow the U.S. to rush missile defenses to the region. The publication said the Pentagon is working to deploy 11 air defense systems in the area, including for US troops stationed in Iraq, Syria, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.
However, many leaders do not support Israelâs ground invasion of Gaza.
During a joint news conference with French President Emmanuel Macron, Egyptâs President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi called on the international community to take precautions to avoid an Israeli ground assault on Gaza. He said, drawing attention to the âmany, many civilian casualtiesâ it could cause during a joint Sisi also highlighted the already high death toll of âhalf of whom are children.â
Even French President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed his support for Israelâs right to defend itself, said any âmassive ground invasionâ of Gaza would be âan errorâ for Israel.
On Thursday, Israelâs Ministry of Defense proposed an extension on the evacuation orders for Israelis living along the Gaza fence and northern border with Lebanon until December 31, Israeli media reported.
The Ministry also proposed that the government pay 6,000 shekels (about $1,470) per month per adult and 3,000 shekels (about $740) per child for families who canât find a state-funded hotel room or decide to evacuate independently. As reported by Israeli authorities last week, approximately 200,000 people received evacuation orders from 105 communities near the borders of Gaza and Lebanon.
Israeli media says the proposed operation to extend the evacuation orders could cost âseveral billionâ shekels, leaving other government ministries opposed to the declaration, saying it is premature.
As Israel prepares for their large-scale ground assault on the besieged enclave population, which will likely result in the death of several more civilians, Biden is casting doubt on the death toll in Gaza provided by the Palestinian Ministry of Health without giving any evidence or alternative numbers.
However, the Israel and Palestine director at Human Rights Watch (HRW), Omar Shakir, said the Palestinian Ministry of Healthâs death toll is reliable.
âHuman Rights Watch has been working in the occupied Palestinian territories for three decades. Weâve covered rounds of escalations and hostilities, and weâve always found the numbers from the Ministry of Health to be generally reliable,â Shakir told Al Jazeera.
âWeâve been looking at satellite imagery. Weâve been looking at whatâs taking place; the numbers coming out of the ministry are not beyond reason,â Shakir continued. âTheyâre within the range of what one would expect from air strikes of this intensity.â
Vetoed UN resolutions
On Wednesday, the latest U.S. resolution introduced to the UN Security Council called for âhumanitarian pauses to allow for full, rapid, safe and unhindered humanitarian accessâ in Gaza, said U.S. ambassador to the UN, Linda Thomas-Greenfield.
âColleagues, the United States worked exhaustively to draft a strong and balanced text, one that meets this moment and one that we urge all council members to vote in favor [of],â Thomas-Greenfield said.
Those in favor of the resolution included the U.S., Albania, France, Ecuador, Gabon, Ghana, Japan, Malta, Switzerland, and the UK. Brazil and Mozambique abstained. However, Russia and China vetoed the resolution, which the UAE was also against.
Russiaâs UN ambassador Vasily Nebenzya slammed the resolution for not calling for a ceasefire and accused the U.S. of trying to prevent the security councilâs decisions of âany possible influence on a possible offensive by Israel on Gaza. â
âThis extremely politicized document clearly has one aim: not to save civilians, but to shore up the U.S.âs political situation in the region,â Nebenzya said.
Four UN resolutions have been drafted and rejected, including a previous UN resolution drafted by Russia calling for a complete humanitarian ceasefire, which the U.S. vetoed for not underscoring Israelâs right to self-defense.
Reportedly, other non-permanent members of the UNSC are now working on a new draft resolution, which will be put forward in the coming days.
Meanwhile, Israelâs ambassador to the UN, Gilad Erdan, is calling on UN United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres to resign after he remarked that it was necessary to ârecognize the attacks by Hamas did not happen in a vacuumâ as Palestinians have been âsubjected to 56 years of suffocating occupationâ on Tuesday.
On Thursday, Guterres told reporters, without naming Israel, âI am shocked by misrepresentations of some of my statement yesterday in the Security Council â as if I was justifying acts of terror by Hamas.â
International voices
As Israel continues to wage war on its own occupied territory, international leaders are weighing in on the escalating violence.
Brazilâs President Lula da Silva says, âwhat is happening right now in the Middle East is very serious,â while criticizing the language used to describe the escalation in Gaza, saying it is not a war, but a âgenocide.â
âItâs not about discussing who has a reason or who is wrong. The problem is that itâs not a war, itâs a genocide that has killed 2,000 children who have nothing to do with this war but are the victims,â she said.
On Wednesday, the king of Jordan, Abdullah II, called for the international community to pressure Israel to cease fire and end its siege, saying, âStopping the war on Gaza is an absolute necessity, and the world must move immediately in this direction.â
âWe are against any attempt by Israel to create an exodus of Palestinians or internally displaced the inhabitants of Gaza,â King Abdullah said while warning that the continued escalation âmay lead to an explosion of the situation in the region.â
Japanese Foreign Minister Yoko Kamikawa met with the Israeli ambassador to Japan, Gilad Cohen, to request a temporary suspension of fighting in Gaza and call for Israel to allow the delivery of more humanitarian assistance into the besieged Gaza Strip.
Similarly, the UK supports the call for a humanitarian pause for aid to enter and civilians to evacuate, the government opposes a ceasefire. Reiterating his support for Israelâs right to defend itself, Prime Minister Rishi Sunakâs office says a ceasefire would âonly serve to benefit Hamas.â
Humza Yousaf, First Minister of Scotland, criticized Sunakâs decision not to call for an immediate ceasefire.
Meanwhile, in the final draft of a text calling for âhumanitarian corridors and pauses,â from EU leaders to be approved at a summit in Brussels, they promise to âwork closely with partners in the region to protect civilians, provide assistance and facilitate access to food, water, medical care, fuel and shelter, ensuring that such assistance is not abused by terrorist organizations.â
âThe European Council expresses its gravest concern for the deteriorating humanitarian situation in Gaza and calls for continued, rapid, safe and unhindered humanitarian access and aid to reach those in need through all necessary measures including humanitarian corridors and pauses,â it stated.
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